Internet in the “post-truth” era? – Pl 02 2017
PL 2: Internet in the “post-truth” era?
Consolidated programme 2018 overview
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The internet has given voice to the many, great!, but how and who can now distinguish between ‘facts’, ‘opinions’ and ‘feelings’?
Keywords
Post-truth, fake news, manipulation, emotional appeal, post-truth politics, accountability, legitimacy, freedom of expression, access to information, algorithms, profit, content creation, narratives, ethic, media literacy, response to hate speech, take down, education, alternative narratives, trusted flaggers, multi-stakeholder approach, code of conduct, democracy, gatekeepers
Session description
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Format
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Further reading
Until 30 April 2017. Links to relevant websites, declarations, books, documents. Please note we cannot offer web space, so only links to external resources are possible. Example for an external link: Main page of EuroDIG
Links to some resources related post-truth/fake news (from Yrjö Länsipuro)
1. Reuters Institute (Nic Newman) A report on key developments in journalism, media and technology in 2016 focuses on fears about how changing technology is affecting the quality of information and the state of our democracy. http://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/Journalism%2C%20Media%20and%20Technology%20Trends%20and%20Predictions%202017.pdf
2. Pew Center: Experts worry algorithms can also put too much control in the hands of corporations and governments, perpetuate bias, create filter bubbles. http://www.pewinternet.org/2017/02/08/code-dependent-pros-and-cons-of-the-algorithm-age/
3. Meedia: Bislang gibt es keine Belege dafür, dass die gefälschten Nachrichten hierzulande überhaupt ein ernstes Problem darstellen. Springer-Chef Mathias Döpfner meint sogar, dass es schon immer Fake-News gab. http://meedia.de/2017/01/17/fake-news-debatte-jetzt-widersprechen-die-nachrichten-praktiker-der-politik/
4. Deutsche Welle: Countering fake news while safeguarding free speech. As fighting fake news becomes a global priority, questions remain about what exactly fake news is, what can be done to stop it and how to do so without curbing free speech. http://www.dw.com/en/countering-fake-news-while-safeguarding-free-speech/a-37924278
5. University of Washington. Examining the Alternative Media Ecosystems through the Production of Alternative Narratives of Mass Shooting Events on Twitter http://faculty.washington.edu/kstarbi/Alt_Narratives_ICWSM17-CameraReady.pdf
6. Seattle Times. A story about the above http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/politics/uw-professor-the-information-war-is-real-and-were-losing-it/
7. Vanity Fair. Fake News Is About to Get Even Scarier than You Ever Dreamed. What we saw in the 2016 election is nothing compared to what we need to prepare for in 2020. http://www.vanityfair.com/news/2017/01/fake-news-technology
8. New York Times. Europe Combats a New Foe of Political Stability: Fake News https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/20/world/europe/europe-combats-a-new-foe-of-political-stability-fake-news.html?_r=0
9. Tow Center. The influence infl uence of social media platforms and technology companies is having a greater effect on American journalism than even the shift from print to digital. There is a rapid takeover of traditional publishers' roles by companies including Facebook, Snapchat, Google, and Twitter that shows no sign of slowing http://towcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/The_Platform_Press_Tow_Report_2017.pdf
10. Tow Center. Journalists today have an imperative—and an opportunity—to sift through the mass of content being created and shared in order to separate true from alse, and to help the truth to spread. Unfortunately, as this paper details, that isn’t the current reality of how news organizations cover unverified claims, online rumors, and viral con- tent. Lies spread much farther than the truth, and news organizations play a powerful role in making this happen. http://towcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/LiesDamnLies_Silverman_TowCenter.pdf
11. New York Times Magazine (Farhad Manjoo) Mark Zuckerberg now acknowledges the dangerous side of the social revolution he helped start. But is the most powerful tool for connection in human history capable of adapting to the world it created? https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/25/magazine/can-facebook-fix-its-own-worst-bug.html?_r=0
12. New York Times (Jonathan Taplin) Google has an 88 percent market share in search advertising, Facebook (and its subsidiaries Instagram, WhatsApp and Messenger) owns 77 percent of mobile social traffic and Amazon has a 74 percent share in the e-book market. In classic economic terms, all three are monopolies... Could it be that these companies — and Google in particular — have become natural monopolies by supplying an entire market’s demand for a service, at a price lower than what would be offered by two competing firms? And if so, is it time to regulate them like public utilities? https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/22/opinion/sunday/is-it-time-to-break-up-google.html?_r=0
13. The Guardian (Evgeny Morozov) Moral panic over fake news hides the real enemy – the digital giants https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/jan/08/blaming-fake-news-not-the-answer-democracy-crisis
14. Digitoday: How Sweden is fighting fake news http://digiday.com/uk/fake-news-in-sweden/
15. Washington Post: How do you stop fake news? In Germany, with a law. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/how-do-you-stop-fake-news-in-germany-with-a-law/2017/04/05/e6834ad6-1a08-11e7-bcc2-7d1a0973e7b2_story.html?tid=ss_fb&utm_term=.0a3b50c700c3
16. Nieman Lab. Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales launches Wikitribune, a large-scale attempt to combat fake news. The crowd-funded news platform aims to combat fake news by combining professional journalism with volunteer fact checking: “news by the people and for the people.” http://www.niemanlab.org/2017/04/wikipedia-founder-jimmy-wales-launches-wikitribune-news-by-the-people-and-for-the-people/ and: https://www.wikitribune.com/
17. NewCo (Krishna Barat) How to Detect Fake News in Real-Time https://shift.newco.co/how-to-detect-fake-news-in-real-time-9fdae0197bfd
18. New York TimesA European front on fake news. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/01/business/europe-election-fake-news.html?_r=0
People
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- Focal Point Menno Ettema and Irina Drexler, Council of Europe - No Hate Speech Movement
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